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{{Infobox_University|name = University of Pennsylvania|image = |motto = Leges sine moribus vanae (Laws without morals are useless.)|established = 1740The University officially uses 1740 as its founding date and has since 1899. The ideas and intellectual inspiration for the academic institution stem from 1749, with a pamphlet published by Benjamin Franklin. When Franklin's institution was established, it inhabited a schoolhouse built in 1740 for another school, which never came to practical fruition. Penn archivist Mark Frazier Lloyd notes: “In 1899, Penn’s Trustees adopted a resolution that established 1740 as the founding date, but good cases may be made for 1749, when Franklin first convened the Trustees, or 1751, when the first classes were taught, or 1755, when Penn obtained its collegiate charter." Princeton's library presents another, carefully nuanced view.] research university6.6 billionhttp://www.upenn.edu/pennnews/article.php?id=1221|president = [Amy Gutmann|state = [Pennsylvania, 269 [acres (1.1 km²)] & Azure (heraldry) |athletics =National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I|affiliations = [Ivy League, Association of American Universities, COFHE and [University of Connecticut (which, unlike UPenn, have official status and are trademarked). Daily Pennsylvanian columnist Jeff Shafer traces the origin of the "upenn" domain name to pre-Internet days, citing SAS computing head Ira Winston as saying that in the early days of email the University chose upenn.csnet, which "mimicked the University of Delaware's udel.csnet." Thus the choice of "upenn" was made when computer network names had little public visibility, and before the university decided to emphasize Penn as part of a conscious branding strategy. Shafer says the university studied the feasibility of full conversion to "penn.edu" in 2002 but decided that the costs were too high.. UPenn is seen in college guides.. The abbreviation "U. Penn" appears in novels and in academic journal abbreviations, e.g U. Penn L. Rev, (although the National Library of Medicine uses the abbreviation Univ PA). "U Penn" and U-Penn are also seen."Penn" is also used regionally to refer to William Penn University, a liberal arts college in Iowa: Multi-faceted construction project on Penn campus, Penn people, Osky’s Snowbarger signs with Penn volleyball team) is a private university, coeducational research university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. According to the university, it is America's first university and is the fourth-oldestPenn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution. Penn, Princeton University, and Columbia University originated within a few years of each other. In 1899, Penn officially changed its "founding" date from 1749 to 1740, affecting its rank. See Building Penn's Brand for the reasons why Penn did this. Princeton University implicitly challenges this, also claiming to be fourth. Penn was chartered in 1755, making it sixth-oldest chartered, behind Princeton (1746) and Columbia (1754). A Presbyterian minister operated a "Log College" in Bucks County, Pennsylvania from 1726 until 1746; some have suggested a connection between it and the College of New Jersey (later Princeton) which would justify pushing Princeton's founding date back to 1726, earlier than Penn's 1740. But Princeton never has done so and a Princeton historian says that "the facts do not warrant" such an interpretation. . institution of higher education in the United States. Penn is also a member of the Ivy League and is one of the Colonial Colleges.

Benjamin Franklin, Penn's founder, advocated an educational program that focused as much on practical education for commerce and public service as on the classics and theology. Penn was one of the first academic institutions to follow a multidisciplinary model pioneered by several European universities, concentrating several "faculties" (e.g., theology, classics, medicine) into one institution.

Penn is acknowledged as a leader in the arts and humanities, the social sciences, architecture, communications and education.http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/rankindex_brief.php Penn is particularly noted for its schools of business, law and medicine (see BusinessWeek magazine and U.S. News and World Report).http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/rankindex_brief.php About 4,500 professors serve nearly 10,000 full-time undergraduate and 10,000 graduate and professional students.

In FY2006, Penn's academic research programs undertook more than $660 million in research, involving some 4,200 faculty, 870 postdoctoral fellows, 3,800 graduate students, and 5,400 support staff. Much of the funding is provided by the National Institutes of Health for biomedical research. In 2005, Penn was awarded $470 million in grants by the NIH, ranking it second behind Johns Hopkins University among all universities.http://grants.nih.gov/grants/award/awardtr.htm

Penn tops the Ivy League in annual spending, with a projected 2007 budget of $4.77 billion, including $2.43 billion for the academic component and $2.34 billion for the University of Pennsylvania Health System (Hospitals, clinical practices, health care affiliates).http://www.upenn.edu/almanac/volumes/v53/n28/uc.html In 2006, it ranked fourth among U.S. universities in fundraising, bringing in about $409.5 million in private support.http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aDSe5LFAV18s

Penn is incorporated as "The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania." The university is one of 14 founding members of the Association of American Universities.

History In 1740, a group of Philadelphians joined together to erect a great preaching hall for the evangelist George Whitefield. Designed and built by Edmund Woolley, it was the largest building in the city and it was also planned to serve as a charity school. The fundraising, however, fell short and although the building was erected, the plans for both a chapel and the charity school were suspended. In the fall of 1749, eager to create a college to educate future generations, Benjamin Franklin circulated a pamphlet titled "Proposals for the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania," his vision for what he called a "Publick Academy of Philadelphia."http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/genlhistory/brief.html However, according to Franklin's autobiography, it was in 1743 when he first drew up a proposal for establishing the academy, "thinking the Rev. Richard Peters a fit person to superintend such an institution." Unlike the other three American Colonial colleges that existed at the time — Harvard University, College of William and Mary, and Yale University — Franklin's new school would not focus merely on education for the clergy. He advocated an innovative concept of higher education, one which would teach both the ornamental knowledge of the arts and the practical skills necessary for making a living and doing public service. The proposed program of study became the nation's first modern liberal arts curriculum.

Franklin assembled a board of trustees from among the leading citizens of Philadelphia, the first such non-sectarian board in America. At the first meeting of the 24 members of the Board of Trustees (November 13, 1749) the issue of where to locate the school was a prime concern. Although a lot across Sixth Street from Independence Hall (United States) was offered without cost by James Logan, its owner, the Trustees realized that the building erected in 1740, which was still vacant, would be an even better site. On February 1, 1750 the new board took over the building and trusts of the old board. In 1751 the Academy, using the great hall at 4th and Arch Streets, took in its first students. A charity school also was opened in accordance with the intentions of the original "New Building" donors, although it lasted only a few years.

For its date of founding, the University uses 1740, the date of "the creation of the earliest of the many educational trusts the University has taken upon itself"Cheyney, Edward Potts. History of the University of Pennsylvania 1740–1940 University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia. 1940. pp 46–48. (the charity school mentioned above) during its existence.

The institution was known as the College of Philadelphia from 1755 to 1779. In 1779, not trusting then-provost Dr. William Smith's Loyalist (American Revolution) tendencies, the revolutionary State Legislature created a University of the State of Pennsylvania.http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/penn1700s.html The result was a schism, with Dr. William Smith continuing to operate an attenuated version of the College of Philadelphia. In 1791 the legislature issued a new charter, merging the two institutions into the University of Pennsylvania with twelve men from each institution on the new board of trustees. These three schools were part of the same institution and were overseen by the same board of Trustees.http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/penn1700s.html

Penn has two claims to being the first university in the United States, according to university archive director Mark Frazier Lloyd: founding the first medical school in America in 1765, makes it the first university de facto, while, by virtue of the 1779 charter, "no other American institution of higher learning was named University before Penn."

After being located in downtown Philadelphia for more than a century, the campus was moved across the Schuylkill River to property purchased from the Blockley Almshouse in West Philadelphia in 1872, where it has since remained in an area now known as University City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Heads of the University of Pennsylvania {| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"! !! Provosts of the Academy, College and University !! birth–death !! Years as provost|-| 1 || George Whitefield|The Rev. George Whitefield ] || (1706–1790) || (1749–1754) Academy of Philadelphia|-| 3 || The Rev. William Smith (Anglican priest) || (1727–1803) || (1754–1779) College of Philadelphia|-| 4 || The Rev. John Ewing || (1732–1802) || (1779–1802) University of Pennsylvania|-| 5 || The Rev. William Smith (Anglican priest) || (1751–1820) || (1802–1806) University of Pennsylvania|-| 6 || The Rev. John McDowell || (1732–1802) || (1806–1810) University of Pennsylvania|-| 7 || The Rev. John Andrews || (1746–1813) || (1810–1813) University of Pennsylvania|-| 8 || The Rev. Frederick Beasley || (1777–1845) || (1813–1828) University of Pennsylvania|-| 9 || The Rev. William Heathcote DeLancey || (1797–1865) || (1828–1834) University of Pennsylvania|-| 10 || The Rev. John Ludlow || (1793–1857) || (1834–1852) University of Pennsylvania|-| 11 || The Rev. Henry Vethake || (1790–1866) || (1853–1859) University of Pennsylvania|-| 13 || The Rev. Daniel Goodwin || (1811–1890) || (1860–1868) University of Pennsylvania|-| 14 || Charles Janeway Stillé || (1819–1899) || (1868–1880) University of Pennsylvania|-| 15 || William Pepper ] || (1930–1944)|-| 2 || George William McClelland || (1944–1948)|-| 3 || Harold Edward Stassen ] || (1953–1970)|-| 6 || Martin Meyerson ] || (1981–1993)|-| 8 || Claire Fagin ] || (1994–2004)|-| 10 || Amy Gutmann || (2004–Present)|}

Other Historical Facts of the University of Pennsylvania

One United States president (William Henry Harrison); nine signers of the United States Declaration of Independence (Benjamin Franklin, James Wilson, Benjamin Rush, George Clymer, Robert Morris, George Ross, Francis Hopkinson, Thomas McKean, and William Paca); eleven signers of the United States Constitution (Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, James Wilson, Thomas Mifflin, George Clymer, Thomas Fitzsimons, Jared Ingersoll, Rufus King, Gouverneur Morris, Robert Morris, and Hugh Williamson); and three United States Supreme Court justices (William Brennan, Owen Roberts, and James Wilson) are associated with the University.

Penn's educational innovations include: the nation's first medical school in 1765; the first university teaching hospital in 1874; the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, the world's first collegiate school of business, in 1881; the first American student union building, Houston Hall (University of Pennsylvania), in 1896Building America's First University: An Historical and Architectural Guide to the University of Pennsylvania George E. Thomas, David Bruce Brownlee, p3; the country's second school of veterinary medicine; and the home of ENIAC, the world's first electronic, large-scale, general-purpose digital computer in 1946. Penn is also home to the oldest Psychology department in North America and where the American Medical Association was founded.

Penn is one of the nation's few private universities to be named for the place in which it is located (others include Princeton University, University of Rochester, University of Southern California, Georgetown University, Boston College, Boston University, Syracuse University, University of Dayton, New York University, and the University of Chicago). Because of this, Penn is often confused with the Pennsylvania State University (also known as "Penn State"), a state university (U.S.) research university whose main campus is located in the geographic center of Pennsylvania in State College, Pennsylvania.

Motto Penn's motto is based on a line from Horace’s III.24 (Book 3, Ode 24), quid leges sine moribus vanae proficiunt? ("of what avail empty laws without mores?") From 1756 to 1898, the motto read Sine Moribus Vanae. When a wag pointed out that the motto could be translated as "Loose women without morals," the university quickly changed the motto to literae sine moribus vanae ("Letters without morals useless"). In 1932, all elements of the seal were revised, and as part of the redesign it was decided that the new motto "mutilated" Horace, and it was changed to its present wording, Leges Sine Moribus Vanae ("Laws without morals useless").

Academics Undergraduate programs The University of Pennsylvania has four undergraduate schools:

The College of Arts & Sciences is the undergraduate division of the School of Arts and Sciences, which also contains the Graduate Division and the College of General Studies.

Penn has a strong focus on interdisciplinary learning and research. It emphasizes University of Pennsylvania#Joint-degree and interdisciplinary programs, unique majors and academic flexibility. Penn's One University policy allows undergraduates access to courses at all of Penn's undergraduate and graduate schools, excepting the medical and dental schools.

Undergraduate students at Penn may also take courses at area colleges participating in the Quaker consortium, including Swarthmore College, Haverford College, and Bryn Mawr College.

Graduate and professional schools The following schools offer graduate programs:

Joint-degree and interdisciplinary programs Penn offers specialized joint-degree programs, which award candidates degrees from multiple schools at the University upon completion of graduation criteria of both schools. Undergraduate programs include:



Dual Degree programs which lead to the same multiple degrees without participation in the specific above programs are also available. Unlike joint-degree programs, "dual degree" students fulfill requirements of both programs independently without involvement of another program. Specialized Dual Degree programs include Liberal Studies and Technology as well as a Computer and Cognitive Science Program. Both programs award a degree from the College of Arts and Science and a degree from the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

For graduate programs, there are many formalized joint degree graduate programs such as a joint J.D./MBA. Penn is also the home to interdisciplinary institutions such as the Institute for Medicine and Engineering, the Joseph H. Lauder Institute for Management and International Studies, the Institute for Research in Cognitive Science, and the Executive Master's in Technology Management Program.

Academic Medical Center and Biomedical Research Complex Penn's health-related programs - including the Schools of Medicine, Dental Medicine, Nursing and Veterinary Medicine, and programs in bioengineering (School of Engineering) and health management (the Wharton School) - are among the university's strongest academic components. The combination of intellectual breadth, research funding (each of the health sciences schools ranks in the top 5 in annual NIH funding), clinical resources and overall scale ranks Penn with only a small handful of peer universities in the U.S.

The size of Penn's biomedical research organization, however, adds a very capital intensive component to the university's operations, and introduces revenue instability due to changing government regulations, reduced Federal funding for research, and Medicaid/Medicare (United States) program changes. This is a primary reason highlighted in bond rating agencies' views on Penn's overall financial rating, which ranks one notch below its academic peers. Penn has worked to address these issues by pooling its schools (as well as several hospitals and clinical practices) into the University of Pennsylvania Health System, thereby pooling resources for greater efficiencies and research impact.

Admissions selectivity The university received 22,634 applications for the Class of 2011 entering in the fall of 2007; Penn admitted 15.9 percent of those applicants, representing its most selective admissions year in history. The College of Arts and Sciences itself had an about 11% acceptance rate. For comparison, in recent years, Penn has received 18,000–20,000 applications for each freshman class, has admitted 20–25% of applications and yielded 60–67% of its extended offers.

In 2002, The Atlantic Monthly ranked it as the eighth most selective college in the United States (factoring in average grades, SAT scores, students' high school rankings, and offer yields).

At the graduate level, Penn's admissions rates—like most universities'—vary considerably based on school and program. Based on admission statistics from U.S. News, Penn's most selective programs include its law school, the health care schools (medicine, dental medicine, nursing), and its business school.

Lee Stetson, Dean of Undergraduate Admissions resigned abruptly on August 31, 2007. Stetson had previously announced plans to resign at the end of this academic year after 29 years of service. Neither he nor the university would comment on the reasons for his abrupt departure which was reported by The Daily Pennsylvanian, the campus newspaper.

Stetson's resignation was announced on Aug. 29 in this statement: "Having announced my impending retirement earlier in the summer, I now recognize that it is in the University's, and my own best interest, to step down immediately, before the commencement of the fall semester. I am grateful for the opportunity I have had to serve this wonderful University for the past three decades."

Rankings U.S. News & World Report ranked Penn fifth for undergraduate education in 2008, fourth in the Ivy League behind Princeton, Harvard, and Yale. Penn was previously ranked #4 by U.S. News in both 2005 and 2006. Additionally, according to the Academic Ranking of World Universities, an often cited ranking compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Penn is the 15th best University in the world. http://ed.sjtu.edu.cn/rank/2007/ARWU2007_Top100.htm Newsweek in 2006 ranked Penn the 13th most global university, fourth in the Ivy League school behind Harvard, Yale, and Columbia. The Center for Measuring University Performance ranks Penn in its top cluster of research universities in the nation tied with Columbia, Harvard, MIT and Stanford universities.

In 2007, The Washington Monthly published a unique ranking that focused on universities' contributions to national service (Research: total research spending, Ph.D.s granted in science and engineering; Community Service: the number of students in ROTC, Peace Corps, etc.; and Social Mobility: percentage of, and support for, Pell grant recipients); Penn ranked 17th overall, and 4th among private institutions behind Cornell, Stanford and MIT.



Undergraduate Programs In the humanities and arts, the departments of African American literature, anthropology, art history, biology, communications, demography, English studies, economics, French language, history, political science, psychology, sociology, and Spanish language are also extremely well regarded. At the undergraduate level, Penn's business and nursing schools have maintained their #1, 2 or 3 rankings since U.S. News began reviewing such programs. Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's undergraduate program has been ranked number one by BusinessWeek also. In the School of Engineering, top departments are bioengineering (typically ranked in the top 5 by U.S. News), chemical engineering, mechanical engineering and nanotechnology. The school is also strong in select areas of computer science and artificial intelligence.

Graduate and Professional Programs Penn's graduate schools are among the most distinguished schools in their respective fields. Historically, Penn's graduate level programs have ranked higher in their respective academic fields than the overall undergraduate program relative to other colleges. Significant investments in Penn's faculty, in marketing the institution to new students and more aggressive sourcing of research and endowment funds have allowed Penn to maintain the standing of its graduate schools even as the university focused intensively on advancing its undergraduate programs.

Penn's Graduate School of Arts and Sciences is generally regarded as one of the top schools in the nation (see 1995 rankings by the National Research Council). A study updated the NRC rankings and adjusted them for faculty size and also factored out reputational surveys (stating that such surveys were lagging indicators of actual academic quality). That study, titled , "The Rise of American Research Universities: Elites and Challengers in the Postwar Era", ranked Penn's arts, humanities and sciences departments seventh in the US.

Among its professional schools, the schools of business (Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania), architecture and urban planning (School of Design), communications (Annenberg School for Communication), medicine (University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine), dentistry, nursing and veterinary medicine rank in the top five nationally (see U.S. News, National Research Council, Planetizen, DesignIntelligence magazines). Penn's University of Pennsylvania Law School is ranked sixth and the social work and education schools are ranked in the top twelve (U.S. News).

Campus Much of Penn's architecture was designed by Cope & Stewardson. The two architects combined the Gothic architecture of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge - retaining some of their classical elements - with the local landscape to establish the Gothic Revival architecture style. The present core campus covers over 269 acres (~1 km²) in a contiguous area of western Philadelphia's University City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania district. All of Penn's schools and most of its research institutes are located on this campus. Recent improvements to the surrounding neighborhood includes the opening of several restaurants, a large upscale grocery store, and a movie theater on the western edge of campus.

Penn recently acquired approximately 35 acres of land located between the campus and the Schuylkill River (the former site of the Philadelphia Civic Center and a nearby 24-acre site owned by the USPS), which will be redeveloped for expanded educational, research, biomedical, and mixed-use facilities over the next ten years.

The postal site extends from Market Street on the north to Penn’s Bower Field on the south. It encompasses the main U.S. Postal Building at 30th and Market Streets (the retail post office at the east end of the building will remain open), the Postal Annex between Chestnut Street and Walnut Street, the Vehicle Maintenance Facility Garage along Chestnut Street and the 14 acres of surface parking south of Walnut Street. Acquisition of the Postal Lands, which will become official in 2007, will allow Penn to create new connections between the campus and the city, including a pedestrian bridge, and provide additional space for research, teaching, housing and retail.

In addition to its properties in West Philadelphia, the University owns the 92 acre Morris Arboretum in Chestnut Hill in northwestern Philadelphia, the official arboretum of the state of Pennsylvania. Penn also owns the 687 acre New Bolton Center, the research and large-animal health care center of its Veterinary School. New Bolton Center received nationwide media attention when Kentucky Derby winner Barbaro underwent surgery at its Widener Hospital for multiple fractures to his right hind leg, suffered while running in the Preakness Stakes on May 20, 2006. It is located near Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.

Penn borders Drexel University and is near the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (USP). Also nearby is the University City High School (Philadelphia).

===Libraries===Penn's library began in 1750 with a donation of books from cartographer Louis Evans. Twelve years later, then-provost William Smith sailed to England to raise additional funds to increase the collection size. More than 250 years later, it has grown into a system of 15 libraries (13 are on the contiguous campus) with 400 FTE employees and a total operating budget of more than $48 million. The library system holds 5.7 million book and serial volumes. It subscribes to 44,000 print serials and e-journals.

Penn's Libraries, with associated school or subject area:

The University Museum The University Museum, as it is commonly called, was founded in 1887. During the early twentieth century UPM conducted some of the first and most important archaeological and anthropological expeditions to Egypt, Mesopotamia, Africa, East Asia and South America, thus the collection includes a very large number of antiquities from ancient Egypt and the Middle East. Its most famous object is the goat rearing into the branches of a rosette-leafed plant, from the Ur III. The Museum also has a strong collection of Chinese artifacts. Features of its Beaux-Arts architecture building include a dramatic rotunda and gardens that include Egyptian papyrus. UPM's scientific division, MASCA, focuses on the application of modern scientific techniques to aid the interpretation of archaeological contexts.

The Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia based on Penn's campus, showcases various exhibitions of art throughout the year.

Residences

Student life 39.2 percent of those accepted for admission to the Class of 2009 are Asian, Hispanic, African, or Native American. Women comprise 51.3 percent of all students currently enrolled. A total of 2,440 international students applied for admission to Penn's undergraduate schools for the Class of 2008, and 489 (20%) were accepted. More than 13% of the first year class are international students. Of the international students accepted to the Class of 2008, 15.8% were from Africa and the Middle East, 48.1% from Asia, 0.4% from Australia and the Pacific, 11.7% from Canada and Mexico, 10% from Central/South America and the Caribbean, and 14.1% from Europe. Penn had 4,192 international students enrolled at all levels in Fall 2004.

The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania, founded in 1813, is the oldest continually-existing student group in the United States. The Daily Pennsylvanian has been published since 1885, and is among the top college papers in the country, regularly winning National Pacemaker Awards and Columbia Scholastic Press Association Gold Circle awards. The Pennsylvania Punch Bowl is one of the nation's oldest humor magazines. The student-run TV station UTV13 is the oldest college TV station in the country. The University of Pennsylvania Glee Club is one of the oldest continually-operating collegiate choruses in the United States, having been founded in 1862. The Mask and Wig is the oldest all-male musical comedy troupe in the country.

The University's Political Science Department is known for publishing a semesterly scholarly journal of undergraduate research called "Sound Politicks." The journal is student-run and is widely noted for the originality and quality of the articles it publishes. It accepts submissions from Penn students year round. There are many such journals across the university.

The University of Pennsylvania Band has been a fixture of student life on campus since 1897. The Penn Band performs at football and basketball games as well as University functions throughout the year and has a current membership of approximately 80 students.

Athletics The first athletic team at Penn was its cricket team.Kieran, John (1932), "Sports of the Times," The New York Times, Oct. 8, 1932, p. 22. In the sport of football, "Penn first fielded a team against Princeton at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia on November 11, 1876.Rottenberg, Dan (1985) "Fight On, Pennsylvania" Trustees of University of Pennsylvania pg. 25.

Penn's sports teams are called the Quakers. They participate in the Ivy League and Division I (Division I FCS for football) in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. In recent decades they often have been league champions in football (12 times from 1982 to 2003) and basketball (22 times from 1970 to 2006). Penn football made many contributions to the sport in its early days. During the 1890s Penn's famed coach George Woodruff introduced the quarternick kick, a forerunner of the forward pass, as well as the place-kick from scrimmage and the delayed pass. In 1894, 1895, 1897 and 1904 Penn was generally regarded the national champion of collegiate football.Rottenberg, Dan (1985) "Fight On, Pennsylvania" Trustees of University of Pennsylvania pg. 28, 33–34. The achievements of two of Penn's outstanding players from that era—John Heisman and John Outland—are remembered each year with the presentation of the Heisman Trophy to the most outstanding college football player of the year and the Outland Trophy to the most outstanding college football interior lineman of the year.

Penn Quakers men's basketball is steeped in tradition. Penn made its only (and the Ivy League's second) Final Four appearance in 1979, where the Quakers lost to the Magic Johnson-led Michigan State Spartans in Salt Lake City. (Dartmouth twice finished second in the tournament in the 1940s, but that was before the beginning of formal League play). Penn is also is one of the teams in the Philadelphia Big 5, along with La Salle, Saint Joseph's, Temple and Villanova.

Penn's home court, the Palestra, is an arena used for Big Five contests as well as high-school sporting events. The Palestra has hosted more NCAA Tournament basketball games than any other facility. Franklin Field, where the Quakers play football, hosts the annual collegiate track and field event "the Penn Relays," and once was the home field of the National Football League Philadelphia Eagles. It was also the site of the early Army-Navy Game football games. Franklin Field, the oldest stadium still operating for football games, was also the home to the first commercially-televised football game, and was also the first stadium to sport two tiers. In 2004, Penn Men's Rugby won the EPRU championship. In 2007, the Men's Basketball team won their third consecutive Ivy League title, then lost in the first round of the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship to Texas A&M.

Notable people

Some noted University of Pennsylvania alumni include the ninth President of the United States, William Henry Harrison,William Henry Harrison, Ohio History Central Online Encyclopedia: "At his father’s insistence, studied medicine from 1790 to 1791 at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Upon his father’s death in 1791, Harrison immediately joined the United States Army." real estate mogul Donald Trump, CEO and investor Warren Buffett,Warren Buffett, the world's third richest man; he attended for a year before transferring to the University of Nebraska) Cisco Systems co-founder Len Bosack, linguist and activist Noam Chomsky, American industrialist Jon Huntsman, philanthropist Walter Annenberg, E. Digby Baltzell who is credited with the popularization of the acronym White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, U.S. Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan, Drew Gilpin Faust, president of Harvard University, and numerous other past and present U.S. Ambassadors, members of congress, governors, cabinet members, and corporate leaders.

Controversy The university has come under fire several times in recent years for free speech issues. In spite of this, Penn is one of only two Ivy League universities (the other being Dartmouth College) to receive the highest possible free speech rating from the watchdog group Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, founded by noted Penn professor and civil libertarian Alan Charles Kors.

Selected Penn Publications

Gallery Image:UPennQuad006.jpg|The Quad DormitoriesImage:TheQuadToweratPenn.JPG|The Quad TowerImage:TheCastleatPenn.JPG|The CastleImage:QuadTowerSpruce.JPG|Riepe College HouseImage:FurnessLibraryInner.JPG|The Furness LibraryImage:WoodlandQuadUpper.JPG|The Quad DormitoriesImage:WareQuadStairMcC.JPG|The Quad DormitoriesImage:QuadCourtYardA.jpg|The Quad CourtyardImage:ReipeCollegeHouse.JPG|Riepe College HouseImage:EngineeringBuildingatPenn.JPG|Hayden HallImage:CollegeGreenWinter.JPG|College Green in WinterImage:PennLawSchoolA.jpg|Law SchoolImage:Irvine.JPG|Irvine AuditoriumImage:Silverman_Hall_(School_of_Law).JPG|Silverman Hall, Penn Law SchoolImage:Penn campus 6.jpg|High-rise dorms, St. Mary's church in the foregroundImage:Penn campus 8.jpg|Exterior of the Fisher Fine Arts LibraryImage:LeaLibrary.jpg|The Henry Charles Lea Library, located in Van Pelt LibraryImage:CollegeLoganHouston.jpg|Perelman QuadrangleImage:Fisher-Bennett_Hall.JPG|Fisher-Bennett Hall

See also

External links About

Selected campus organizations

Data sources

Notes

{{Infobox_University|name = University of Pennsylvania|image = |motto = Leges sine moribus vanae (Laws without morals are useless.)|established = 1740The University officially uses 1740 as its founding date and has since 1899. The ideas and intellectual inspiration for the academic institution stem from 1749, with a pamphlet published by Benjamin Franklin. When Franklin's institution was established, it inhabited a schoolhouse built in 1740 for another school, which never came to practical fruition. Penn archivist Mark Frazier Lloyd notes: “In 1899, Penn’s Trustees adopted a resolution that established 1740 as the founding date, but good cases may be made for 1749, when Franklin first convened the Trustees, or 1751, when the first classes were taught, or 1755, when Penn obtained its collegiate charter." Princeton's library presents another, carefully nuanced view.] research university6.6 billionhttp://www.upenn.edu/pennnews/article.php?id=1221|president = [Amy Gutmann|state = [Pennsylvania, 269 [acres (1.1 km²)] & Azure (heraldry) |athletics =National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I|affiliations = [Ivy League, Association of American Universities, COFHE and [University of Connecticut (which, unlike UPenn, have official status and are trademarked). Daily Pennsylvanian columnist Jeff Shafer traces the origin of the "upenn" domain name to pre-Internet days, citing SAS computing head Ira Winston as saying that in the early days of email the University chose upenn.csnet, which "mimicked the University of Delaware's udel.csnet." Thus the choice of "upenn" was made when computer network names had little public visibility, and before the university decided to emphasize Penn as part of a conscious branding strategy. Shafer says the university studied the feasibility of full conversion to "penn.edu" in 2002 but decided that the costs were too high.. UPenn is seen in college guides.. The abbreviation "U. Penn" appears in novels and in academic journal abbreviations, e.g U. Penn L. Rev, (although the National Library of Medicine uses the abbreviation Univ PA). "U Penn" and U-Penn are also seen."Penn" is also used regionally to refer to William Penn University, a liberal arts college in Iowa: Multi-faceted construction project on Penn campus, Penn people, Osky’s Snowbarger signs with Penn volleyball team) is a private university, coeducational research university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. According to the university, it is America's first university and is the fourth-oldestPenn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution. Penn, Princeton University, and Columbia University originated within a few years of each other. In 1899, Penn officially changed its "founding" date from 1749 to 1740, affecting its rank. See Building Penn's Brand for the reasons why Penn did this. Princeton University implicitly challenges this, also claiming to be fourth. Penn was chartered in 1755, making it sixth-oldest chartered, behind Princeton (1746) and Columbia (1754). A Presbyterian minister operated a "Log College" in Bucks County, Pennsylvania from 1726 until 1746; some have suggested a connection between it and the College of New Jersey (later Princeton) which would justify pushing Princeton's founding date back to 1726, earlier than Penn's 1740. But Princeton never has done so and a Princeton historian says that "the facts do not warrant" such an interpretation. . institution of higher education in the United States. Penn is also a member of the Ivy League and is one of the Colonial Colleges.

Benjamin Franklin, Penn's founder, advocated an educational program that focused as much on practical education for commerce and public service as on the classics and theology. Penn was one of the first academic institutions to follow a multidisciplinary model pioneered by several European universities, concentrating several "faculties" (e.g., theology, classics, medicine) into one institution.

Penn is acknowledged as a leader in the arts and humanities, the social sciences, architecture, communications and education.http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/rankindex_brief.php Penn is particularly noted for its schools of business, law and medicine (see BusinessWeek magazine and U.S. News and World Report).http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/grad/rankings/rankindex_brief.php About 4,500 professors serve nearly 10,000 full-time undergraduate and 10,000 graduate and professional students.

In FY2006, Penn's academic research programs undertook more than $660 million in research, involving some 4,200 faculty, 870 postdoctoral fellows, 3,800 graduate students, and 5,400 support staff. Much of the funding is provided by the National Institutes of Health for biomedical research. In 2005, Penn was awarded $470 million in grants by the NIH, ranking it second behind Johns Hopkins University among all universities.http://grants.nih.gov/grants/award/awardtr.htm

Penn tops the Ivy League in annual spending, with a projected 2007 budget of $4.77 billion, including $2.43 billion for the academic component and $2.34 billion for the University of Pennsylvania Health System (Hospitals, clinical practices, health care affiliates).http://www.upenn.edu/almanac/volumes/v53/n28/uc.html In 2006, it ranked fourth among U.S. universities in fundraising, bringing in about $409.5 million in private support.http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aDSe5LFAV18s

Penn is incorporated as "The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania." The university is one of 14 founding members of the Association of American Universities.

History In 1740, a group of Philadelphians joined together to erect a great preaching hall for the evangelist George Whitefield. Designed and built by Edmund Woolley, it was the largest building in the city and it was also planned to serve as a charity school. The fundraising, however, fell short and although the building was erected, the plans for both a chapel and the charity school were suspended. In the fall of 1749, eager to create a college to educate future generations, Benjamin Franklin circulated a pamphlet titled "Proposals for the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania," his vision for what he called a "Publick Academy of Philadelphia."http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/genlhistory/brief.html However, according to Franklin's autobiography, it was in 1743 when he first drew up a proposal for establishing the academy, "thinking the Rev. Richard Peters a fit person to superintend such an institution." Unlike the other three American Colonial colleges that existed at the time — Harvard University, College of William and Mary, and Yale University — Franklin's new school would not focus merely on education for the clergy. He advocated an innovative concept of higher education, one which would teach both the ornamental knowledge of the arts and the practical skills necessary for making a living and doing public service. The proposed program of study became the nation's first modern liberal arts curriculum.

Franklin assembled a board of trustees from among the leading citizens of Philadelphia, the first such non-sectarian board in America. At the first meeting of the 24 members of the Board of Trustees (November 13, 1749) the issue of where to locate the school was a prime concern. Although a lot across Sixth Street from Independence Hall (United States) was offered without cost by James Logan, its owner, the Trustees realized that the building erected in 1740, which was still vacant, would be an even better site. On February 1, 1750 the new board took over the building and trusts of the old board. In 1751 the Academy, using the great hall at 4th and Arch Streets, took in its first students. A charity school also was opened in accordance with the intentions of the original "New Building" donors, although it lasted only a few years.

For its date of founding, the University uses 1740, the date of "the creation of the earliest of the many educational trusts the University has taken upon itself"Cheyney, Edward Potts. History of the University of Pennsylvania 1740–1940 University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia. 1940. pp 46–48. (the charity school mentioned above) during its existence.

The institution was known as the College of Philadelphia from 1755 to 1779. In 1779, not trusting then-provost Dr. William Smith's Loyalist (American Revolution) tendencies, the revolutionary State Legislature created a University of the State of Pennsylvania.http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/penn1700s.html The result was a schism, with Dr. William Smith continuing to operate an attenuated version of the College of Philadelphia. In 1791 the legislature issued a new charter, merging the two institutions into the University of Pennsylvania with twelve men from each institution on the new board of trustees. These three schools were part of the same institution and were overseen by the same board of Trustees.http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/penn1700s.html

Penn has two claims to being the first university in the United States, according to university archive director Mark Frazier Lloyd: founding the first medical school in America in 1765, makes it the first university de facto, while, by virtue of the 1779 charter, "no other American institution of higher learning was named University before Penn."

After being located in downtown Philadelphia for more than a century, the campus was moved across the Schuylkill River to property purchased from the Blockley Almshouse in West Philadelphia in 1872, where it has since remained in an area now known as University City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Heads of the University of Pennsylvania {| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"! !! Provosts of the Academy, College and University !! birth–death !! Years as provost|-| 1 || George Whitefield|The Rev. George Whitefield ] || (1706–1790) || (1749–1754) Academy of Philadelphia|-| 3 || The Rev. William Smith (Anglican priest) || (1727–1803) || (1754–1779) College of Philadelphia|-| 4 || The Rev. John Ewing || (1732–1802) || (1779–1802) University of Pennsylvania|-| 5 || The Rev. William Smith (Anglican priest) || (1751–1820) || (1802–1806) University of Pennsylvania|-| 6 || The Rev. John McDowell || (1732–1802) || (1806–1810) University of Pennsylvania|-| 7 || The Rev. John Andrews || (1746–1813) || (1810–1813) University of Pennsylvania|-| 8 || The Rev. Frederick Beasley || (1777–1845) || (1813–1828) University of Pennsylvania|-| 9 || The Rev. William Heathcote DeLancey || (1797–1865) || (1828–1834) University of Pennsylvania|-| 10 || The Rev. John Ludlow || (1793–1857) || (1834–1852) University of Pennsylvania|-| 11 || The Rev. Henry Vethake || (1790–1866) || (1853–1859) University of Pennsylvania|-| 13 || The Rev. Daniel Goodwin || (1811–1890) || (1860–1868) University of Pennsylvania|-| 14 || Charles Janeway Stillé || (1819–1899) || (1868–1880) University of Pennsylvania|-| 15 || William Pepper ] || (1930–1944)|-| 2 || George William McClelland || (1944–1948)|-| 3 || Harold Edward Stassen ] || (1953–1970)|-| 6 || Martin Meyerson ] || (1981–1993)|-| 8 || Claire Fagin ] || (1994–2004)|-| 10 || Amy Gutmann || (2004–Present)|}

Other Historical Facts of the University of Pennsylvania

One United States president (William Henry Harrison); nine signers of the United States Declaration of Independence (Benjamin Franklin, James Wilson, Benjamin Rush, George Clymer, Robert Morris, George Ross, Francis Hopkinson, Thomas McKean, and William Paca); eleven signers of the United States Constitution (Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, James Wilson, Thomas Mifflin, George Clymer, Thomas Fitzsimons, Jared Ingersoll, Rufus King, Gouverneur Morris, Robert Morris, and Hugh Williamson); and three United States Supreme Court justices (William Brennan, Owen Roberts, and James Wilson) are associated with the University.

Penn's educational innovations include: the nation's first medical school in 1765; the first university teaching hospital in 1874; the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, the world's first collegiate school of business, in 1881; the first American student union building, Houston Hall (University of Pennsylvania), in 1896Building America's First University: An Historical and Architectural Guide to the University of Pennsylvania George E. Thomas, David Bruce Brownlee, p3; the country's second school of veterinary medicine; and the home of ENIAC, the world's first electronic, large-scale, general-purpose digital computer in 1946. Penn is also home to the oldest Psychology department in North America and where the American Medical Association was founded.

Penn is one of the nation's few private universities to be named for the place in which it is located (others include Princeton University, University of Rochester, University of Southern California, Georgetown University, Boston College, Boston University, Syracuse University, University of Dayton, New York University, and the University of Chicago). Because of this, Penn is often confused with the Pennsylvania State University (also known as "Penn State"), a state university (U.S.) research university whose main campus is located in the geographic center of Pennsylvania in State College, Pennsylvania.

Motto Penn's motto is based on a line from Horace’s III.24 (Book 3, Ode 24), quid leges sine moribus vanae proficiunt? ("of what avail empty laws without mores?") From 1756 to 1898, the motto read Sine Moribus Vanae. When a wag pointed out that the motto could be translated as "Loose women without morals," the university quickly changed the motto to literae sine moribus vanae ("Letters without morals useless"). In 1932, all elements of the seal were revised, and as part of the redesign it was decided that the new motto "mutilated" Horace, and it was changed to its present wording, Leges Sine Moribus Vanae ("Laws without morals useless").

Academics Undergraduate programs The University of Pennsylvania has four undergraduate schools:

The College of Arts & Sciences is the undergraduate division of the School of Arts and Sciences, which also contains the Graduate Division and the College of General Studies.

Penn has a strong focus on interdisciplinary learning and research. It emphasizes University of Pennsylvania#Joint-degree and interdisciplinary programs, unique majors and academic flexibility. Penn's One University policy allows undergraduates access to courses at all of Penn's undergraduate and graduate schools, excepting the medical and dental schools.

Undergraduate students at Penn may also take courses at area colleges participating in the Quaker consortium, including Swarthmore College, Haverford College, and Bryn Mawr College.

Graduate and professional schools The following schools offer graduate programs:

Joint-degree and interdisciplinary programs Penn offers specialized joint-degree programs, which award candidates degrees from multiple schools at the University upon completion of graduation criteria of both schools. Undergraduate programs include:



Dual Degree programs which lead to the same multiple degrees without participation in the specific above programs are also available. Unlike joint-degree programs, "dual degree" students fulfill requirements of both programs independently without involvement of another program. Specialized Dual Degree programs include Liberal Studies and Technology as well as a Computer and Cognitive Science Program. Both programs award a degree from the College of Arts and Science and a degree from the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

For graduate programs, there are many formalized joint degree graduate programs such as a joint J.D./MBA. Penn is also the home to interdisciplinary institutions such as the Institute for Medicine and Engineering, the Joseph H. Lauder Institute for Management and International Studies, the Institute for Research in Cognitive Science, and the Executive Master's in Technology Management Program.

Academic Medical Center and Biomedical Research Complex Penn's health-related programs - including the Schools of Medicine, Dental Medicine, Nursing and Veterinary Medicine, and programs in bioengineering (School of Engineering) and health management (the Wharton School) - are among the university's strongest academic components. The combination of intellectual breadth, research funding (each of the health sciences schools ranks in the top 5 in annual NIH funding), clinical resources and overall scale ranks Penn with only a small handful of peer universities in the U.S.

The size of Penn's biomedical research organization, however, adds a very capital intensive component to the university's operations, and introduces revenue instability due to changing government regulations, reduced Federal funding for research, and Medicaid/Medicare (United States) program changes. This is a primary reason highlighted in bond rating agencies' views on Penn's overall financial rating, which ranks one notch below its academic peers. Penn has worked to address these issues by pooling its schools (as well as several hospitals and clinical practices) into the University of Pennsylvania Health System, thereby pooling resources for greater efficiencies and research impact.

Admissions selectivity The university received 22,634 applications for the Class of 2011 entering in the fall of 2007; Penn admitted 15.9 percent of those applicants, representing its most selective admissions year in history. The College of Arts and Sciences itself had an about 11% acceptance rate. For comparison, in recent years, Penn has received 18,000–20,000 applications for each freshman class, has admitted 20–25% of applications and yielded 60–67% of its extended offers.

In 2002, The Atlantic Monthly ranked it as the eighth most selective college in the United States (factoring in average grades, SAT scores, students' high school rankings, and offer yields).

At the graduate level, Penn's admissions rates—like most universities'—vary considerably based on school and program. Based on admission statistics from U.S. News, Penn's most selective programs include its law school, the health care schools (medicine, dental medicine, nursing), and its business school.

Lee Stetson, Dean of Undergraduate Admissions resigned abruptly on August 31, 2007. Stetson had previously announced plans to resign at the end of this academic year after 29 years of service. Neither he nor the university would comment on the reasons for his abrupt departure which was reported by The Daily Pennsylvanian, the campus newspaper.

Stetson's resignation was announced on Aug. 29 in this statement: "Having announced my impending retirement earlier in the summer, I now recognize that it is in the University's, and my own best interest, to step down immediately, before the commencement of the fall semester. I am grateful for the opportunity I have had to serve this wonderful University for the past three decades."

Rankings U.S. News & World Report ranked Penn fifth for undergraduate education in 2008, fourth in the Ivy League behind Princeton, Harvard, and Yale. Penn was previously ranked #4 by U.S. News in both 2005 and 2006. Additionally, according to the Academic Ranking of World Universities, an often cited ranking compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Penn is the 15th best University in the world. http://ed.sjtu.edu.cn/rank/2007/ARWU2007_Top100.htm Newsweek in 2006 ranked Penn the 13th most global university, fourth in the Ivy League school behind Harvard, Yale, and Columbia. The Center for Measuring University Performance ranks Penn in its top cluster of research universities in the nation tied with Columbia, Harvard, MIT and Stanford universities.

In 2007, The Washington Monthly published a unique ranking that focused on universities' contributions to national service (Research: total research spending, Ph.D.s granted in science and engineering; Community Service: the number of students in ROTC, Peace Corps, etc.; and Social Mobility: percentage of, and support for, Pell grant recipients); Penn ranked 17th overall, and 4th among private institutions behind Cornell, Stanford and MIT.



Undergraduate Programs In the humanities and arts, the departments of African American literature, anthropology, art history, biology, communications, demography, English studies, economics, French language, history, political science, psychology, sociology, and Spanish language are also extremely well regarded. At the undergraduate level, Penn's business and nursing schools have maintained their #1, 2 or 3 rankings since U.S. News began reviewing such programs. Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania's undergraduate program has been ranked number one by BusinessWeek also. In the School of Engineering, top departments are bioengineering (typically ranked in the top 5 by U.S. News), chemical engineering, mechanical engineering and nanotechnology. The school is also strong in select areas of computer science and artificial intelligence.

Graduate and Professional Programs Penn's graduate schools are among the most distinguished schools in their respective fields. Historically, Penn's graduate level programs have ranked higher in their respective academic fields than the overall undergraduate program relative to other colleges. Significant investments in Penn's faculty, in marketing the institution to new students and more aggressive sourcing of research and endowment funds have allowed Penn to maintain the standing of its graduate schools even as the university focused intensively on advancing its undergraduate programs.

Penn's Graduate School of Arts and Sciences is generally regarded as one of the top schools in the nation (see 1995 rankings by the National Research Council). A study updated the NRC rankings and adjusted them for faculty size and also factored out reputational surveys (stating that such surveys were lagging indicators of actual academic quality). That study, titled , "The Rise of American Research Universities: Elites and Challengers in the Postwar Era", ranked Penn's arts, humanities and sciences departments seventh in the US.

Among its professional schools, the schools of business (Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania), architecture and urban planning (School of Design), communications (Annenberg School for Communication), medicine (University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine), dentistry, nursing and veterinary medicine rank in the top five nationally (see U.S. News, National Research Council, Planetizen, DesignIntelligence magazines). Penn's University of Pennsylvania Law School is ranked sixth and the social work and education schools are ranked in the top twelve (U.S. News).

Campus Much of Penn's architecture was designed by Cope & Stewardson. The two architects combined the Gothic architecture of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge - retaining some of their classical elements - with the local landscape to establish the Gothic Revival architecture style. The present core campus covers over 269 acres (~1 km²) in a contiguous area of western Philadelphia's University City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania district. All of Penn's schools and most of its research institutes are located on this campus. Recent improvements to the surrounding neighborhood includes the opening of several restaurants, a large upscale grocery store, and a movie theater on the western edge of campus.

Penn recently acquired approximately 35 acres of land located between the campus and the Schuylkill River (the former site of the Philadelphia Civic Center and a nearby 24-acre site owned by the USPS), which will be redeveloped for expanded educational, research, biomedical, and mixed-use facilities over the next ten years.

The postal site extends from Market Street on the north to Penn’s Bower Field on the south. It encompasses the main U.S. Postal Building at 30th and Market Streets (the retail post office at the east end of the building will remain open), the Postal Annex between Chestnut Street and Walnut Street, the Vehicle Maintenance Facility Garage along Chestnut Street and the 14 acres of surface parking south of Walnut Street. Acquisition of the Postal Lands, which will become official in 2007, will allow Penn to create new connections between the campus and the city, including a pedestrian bridge, and provide additional space for research, teaching, housing and retail.

In addition to its properties in West Philadelphia, the University owns the 92 acre Morris Arboretum in Chestnut Hill in northwestern Philadelphia, the official arboretum of the state of Pennsylvania. Penn also owns the 687 acre New Bolton Center, the research and large-animal health care center of its Veterinary School. New Bolton Center received nationwide media attention when Kentucky Derby winner Barbaro underwent surgery at its Widener Hospital for multiple fractures to his right hind leg, suffered while running in the Preakness Stakes on May 20, 2006. It is located near Kennett Square, Pennsylvania.

Penn borders Drexel University and is near the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (USP). Also nearby is the University City High School (Philadelphia).

===Libraries===Penn's library began in 1750 with a donation of books from cartographer Louis Evans. Twelve years later, then-provost William Smith sailed to England to raise additional funds to increase the collection size. More than 250 years later, it has grown into a system of 15 libraries (13 are on the contiguous campus) with 400 FTE employees and a total operating budget of more than $48 million. The library system holds 5.7 million book and serial volumes. It subscribes to 44,000 print serials and e-journals.

Penn's Libraries, with associated school or subject area:

The University Museum The University Museum, as it is commonly called, was founded in 1887. During the early twentieth century UPM conducted some of the first and most important archaeological and anthropological expeditions to Egypt, Mesopotamia, Africa, East Asia and South America, thus the collection includes a very large number of antiquities from ancient Egypt and the Middle East. Its most famous object is the goat rearing into the branches of a rosette-leafed plant, from the Ur III. The Museum also has a strong collection of Chinese artifacts. Features of its Beaux-Arts architecture building include a dramatic rotunda and gardens that include Egyptian papyrus. UPM's scientific division, MASCA, focuses on the application of modern scientific techniques to aid the interpretation of archaeological contexts.

The Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia based on Penn's campus, showcases various exhibitions of art throughout the year.

Residences

Student life 39.2 percent of those accepted for admission to the Class of 2009 are Asian, Hispanic, African, or Native American. Women comprise 51.3 percent of all students currently enrolled. A total of 2,440 international students applied for admission to Penn's undergraduate schools for the Class of 2008, and 489 (20%) were accepted. More than 13% of the first year class are international students. Of the international students accepted to the Class of 2008, 15.8% were from Africa and the Middle East, 48.1% from Asia, 0.4% from Australia and the Pacific, 11.7% from Canada and Mexico, 10% from Central/South America and the Caribbean, and 14.1% from Europe. Penn had 4,192 international students enrolled at all levels in Fall 2004.

The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania, founded in 1813, is the oldest continually-existing student group in the United States. The Daily Pennsylvanian has been published since 1885, and is among the top college papers in the country, regularly winning National Pacemaker Awards and Columbia Scholastic Press Association Gold Circle awards. The Pennsylvania Punch Bowl is one of the nation's oldest humor magazines. The student-run TV station UTV13 is the oldest college TV station in the country. The University of Pennsylvania Glee Club is one of the oldest continually-operating collegiate choruses in the United States, having been founded in 1862. The Mask and Wig is the oldest all-male musical comedy troupe in the country.

The University's Political Science Department is known for publishing a semesterly scholarly journal of undergraduate research called "Sound Politicks." The journal is student-run and is widely noted for the originality and quality of the articles it publishes. It accepts submissions from Penn students year round. There are many such journals across the university.

The University of Pennsylvania Band has been a fixture of student life on campus since 1897. The Penn Band performs at football and basketball games as well as University functions throughout the year and has a current membership of approximately 80 students.

Athletics The first athletic team at Penn was its cricket team.Kieran, John (1932), "Sports of the Times," The New York Times, Oct. 8, 1932, p. 22. In the sport of football, "Penn first fielded a team against Princeton at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia on November 11, 1876.Rottenberg, Dan (1985) "Fight On, Pennsylvania" Trustees of University of Pennsylvania pg. 25.

Penn's sports teams are called the Quakers. They participate in the Ivy League and Division I (Division I FCS for football) in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. In recent decades they often have been league champions in football (12 times from 1982 to 2003) and basketball (22 times from 1970 to 2006). Penn football made many contributions to the sport in its early days. During the 1890s Penn's famed coach George Woodruff introduced the quarternick kick, a forerunner of the forward pass, as well as the place-kick from scrimmage and the delayed pass. In 1894, 1895, 1897 and 1904 Penn was generally regarded the national champion of collegiate football.Rottenberg, Dan (1985) "Fight On, Pennsylvania" Trustees of University of Pennsylvania pg. 28, 33–34. The achievements of two of Penn's outstanding players from that era—John Heisman and John Outland—are remembered each year with the presentation of the Heisman Trophy to the most outstanding college football player of the year and the Outland Trophy to the most outstanding college football interior lineman of the year.

Penn Quakers men's basketball is steeped in tradition. Penn made its only (and the Ivy League's second) Final Four appearance in 1979, where the Quakers lost to the Magic Johnson-led Michigan State Spartans in Salt Lake City. (Dartmouth twice finished second in the tournament in the 1940s, but that was before the beginning of formal League play). Penn is also is one of the teams in the Philadelphia Big 5, along with La Salle, Saint Joseph's, Temple and Villanova.

Penn's home court, the Palestra, is an arena used for Big Five contests as well as high-school sporting events. The Palestra has hosted more NCAA Tournament basketball games than any other facility. Franklin Field, where the Quakers play football, hosts the annual collegiate track and field event "the Penn Relays," and once was the home field of the National Football League Philadelphia Eagles. It was also the site of the early Army-Navy Game football games. Franklin Field, the oldest stadium still operating for football games, was also the home to the first commercially-televised football game, and was also the first stadium to sport two tiers. In 2004, Penn Men's Rugby won the EPRU championship. In 2007, the Men's Basketball team won their third consecutive Ivy League title, then lost in the first round of the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship to Texas A&M.

Notable people

Some noted University of Pennsylvania alumni include the ninth President of the United States, William Henry Harrison,William Henry Harrison, Ohio History Central Online Encyclopedia: "At his father’s insistence, studied medicine from 1790 to 1791 at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Upon his father’s death in 1791, Harrison immediately joined the United States Army." real estate mogul Donald Trump, CEO and investor Warren Buffett,Warren Buffett, the world's third richest man; he attended for a year before transferring to the University of Nebraska) Cisco Systems co-founder Len Bosack, linguist and activist Noam Chomsky, American industrialist Jon Huntsman, philanthropist Walter Annenberg, E. Digby Baltzell who is credited with the popularization of the acronym White Anglo-Saxon Protestant, U.S. Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan, Drew Gilpin Faust, president of Harvard University, and numerous other past and present U.S. Ambassadors, members of congress, governors, cabinet members, and corporate leaders.

Controversy The university has come under fire several times in recent years for free speech issues. In spite of this, Penn is one of only two Ivy League universities (the other being Dartmouth College) to receive the highest possible free speech rating from the watchdog group Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, founded by noted Penn professor and civil libertarian Alan Charles Kors.

Selected Penn Publications

Gallery Image:UPennQuad006.jpg|The Quad DormitoriesImage:TheQuadToweratPenn.JPG|The Quad TowerImage:TheCastleatPenn.JPG|The CastleImage:QuadTowerSpruce.JPG|Riepe College HouseImage:FurnessLibraryInner.JPG|The Furness LibraryImage:WoodlandQuadUpper.JPG|The Quad DormitoriesImage:WareQuadStairMcC.JPG|The Quad DormitoriesImage:QuadCourtYardA.jpg|The Quad CourtyardImage:ReipeCollegeHouse.JPG|Riepe College HouseImage:EngineeringBuildingatPenn.JPG|Hayden HallImage:CollegeGreenWinter.JPG|College Green in WinterImage:PennLawSchoolA.jpg|Law SchoolImage:Irvine.JPG|Irvine AuditoriumImage:Silverman_Hall_(School_of_Law).JPG|Silverman Hall, Penn Law SchoolImage:Penn campus 6.jpg|High-rise dorms, St. Mary's church in the foregroundImage:Penn campus 8.jpg|Exterior of the Fisher Fine Arts LibraryImage:LeaLibrary.jpg|The Henry Charles Lea Library, located in Van Pelt LibraryImage:CollegeLoganHouston.jpg|Perelman QuadrangleImage:Fisher-Bennett_Hall.JPG|Fisher-Bennett Hall

See also

External links About

Selected campus organizations

Data sources

Notes

Penn: University of Pennsylvania
About Penn Visiting, facts & figures, Penn's heritage... Admissions Applying to Penn; Academics Schools, academic, international and summer programs; Research Research news ...

University Communications: University of Pennsylvania
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University of Pennsylvania from FOLDOC
University of Pennsylvania < body, education > The home of ENIAC and Machiavelli. http://upenn.edu/. Address: Philadelphia, PA, USA. [More info?] (1995-02-21)

University of Pennsylvania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Offers undergraduate and graduate degree programs. Features course information, department directory, and museum and library information. Located in Philadelphia.

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Research affiliations: Association of Research Libraries, Research Library Group.

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news & Upcoming events. Recent grads are invited to check out the City Hall Fellows program; Congratulations to DR. MARK STERN, Co-Director of Urban Studies, who is the 2008 ...

 

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